Organization Economic Cooperation and Development

The following side events were covered by ENBOTS on Friday, 11 November 2016: Reshaping Development Pathways Towards Climate Resilience The Green Climate Fund (GCF) Update – 2016 Progress in Supporting Low-Emission and Climate-Resilient Development Pathways Mapping and Understanding Mountains to Achieve the 2030 Agenda Enhancing Transparency of Mitigation and Finance: Lessons from Experience Climate Change and Energy Transition in the Mediterranean Region: Opportunities Through Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Cooperation Improving Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Ecovillage Development, Energy Access and Zero-Carbon Societies in Africa, Asia and the European Union (EU) IISD Reporting Services, through its ENBOTS Meeting Coverage, is providing daily web coverage from the Marrakech Climate Change Conference - November 2016. Photos by IISD/ENB | Mike Muzurakis and Liz Rubin For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Reshaping Development Pathways Towards Climate ResiliencePresented by the UN Secretary General’s Climate Resilience Initiative: Anticipate, Absorb, Reshape (A2R), the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) Moderating the session, Maarten van Aalst, A2R, introduced the Initiative, noting that it came out of the commitment to involve a wider range of stakeholders in resilience to climate change. He drew attention to aspects of resilience embedded in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as in the humanitarian sector, and recognized the importance of anticipating the effects of climate change and acting on them in a timely manner. Observing that the Gulf region is already experiencing ecological challenges due to climate changes as well as socio-economic challenges due to dependence on fossil fuels, Khalid Abuleif, Chief Negotiator, Saudi Arabia, welcomed the Paris Agreement as a means to reshape the future of the region. He said that the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in the region focus on climate resilience, and highlighted efforts to increase resilience in water management in Saudi Arabia. Mulugeta Mengist Ayalew, Director, Climate Change Affairs, Ethiopia, outlined national efforts to increase resilience, saying that they recognize the need to invest in: rural and urban social schemes; agricultural resilience; transport; and resilient energy mixes. Jay Koh, Global Adaptation and Resilience Investment Working Group, said that the private sector has the expertise, capability and finance to engage in resilience and climate adaptation issues, but requires: standards and data using harmonized approaches; coordinated activity to draw private sector finance; and increased blended finance. Highlighting the growing global population and the need to increase food production, John Roome, World Bank, stressed the fundamental need to rethink agriculture, infrastructure and resilient social protection. He also spoke about the need for resilient cities, which he said will only be achieved through systemic changes in design decisions made now. Lisa Dale, Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy, described the Center’s partnership with the A2R Initiative, noting the gaps in climate resilience data and spoke of the challenges in reshaping development pathways. She highlighted the difficulties in understanding national resilience budgeting, as resilience is integrated into planning processes, stressing that the most important adaptation work occurs at the sub-national and local levels. In the ensuing discussion, participants addressed, inter alia: Saudi Arabia’s support for vulnerable countries, including Small Island Developing States (SIDS) through South-South cooperation; the importance of ramping up resilience at the same speed as mitigation; Ethiopia’s efforts in integrating early warning systems into resilience measures; and the need to integrate evidence from the ground into policies to create incremental change. From L-R: Jay Koh, Global Adaptation and Resilience Investment Working Group; Mulugeta Mengist Ayalew, Director, Climate Change Affairs, Ethiopia; and Khalid Abuleif, Chief Negotiator, Saudi Arabia Maarten van Aalst, A2R, described A2R as a facilitative platform on resilience. Khalid Abuleif, Chief Negotiator, Saudi Arabia, noted that, in order to strengthen resilience, any new sector will be subject to heavy regulations and evaluated on parameters such as energy intensity, use of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, use of natural gas and increasing the standards of flaring. Lisa Dale, Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy, noted that for most countries the challenge of reshaping development pathways is usually a capacity challenge. To increase resilience in Ethiopia, Mulugeta Mengist Ayalew, Director, Climate Change Affairs, Ethiopia, said a significant amount of resources are required, and that while they are trying to primarily rely on domestic resources, international support will be needed. Jay Koh, Global Adaptation and Resilience Investment Working Group, stated that the private sector has two messages for the climate sector: “we are here, and we want your engagement." Contacts: Maarten van Aalst (Moderator) | vanaalst@climatecentre.org More Information: reeep.org/events/cop22-side-event-ndc-driven-sme-climate-finance-pathways-developing-countries The Green Climate Fund (GCF) Update – 2016 Progress in Supporting Low-Emission and Climate-Resilient Development PathwaysPresented by the GCF This side event, moderated by Clifford Polycarp, GCF, presented the progress towards supporting developing countries in project financing, as well as initiatives to build on complementarity and coherence with other multilateral funds. Underscoring the GCF’s core principles, Zaheer Fakir, GCF Co-Chair, emphasized its role in empowering countries, unlocking their potential and promoting domestic institutional capacities. He stressed the slogan “business unusual,” underscoring direct access and institutional behavioral change. Noting that US$1 billion worth of projects have already been approved, Ewen McDonald, GCF Co-Chair, stressed that GCF’s portfolio is balanced with 27% of the projects focusing on mitigation, 28% on adaptation and 45% being of a cross-cutting nature. Underscoring the aspirational goal of utilizing US$2.5 billion for funding projects this year, he urged for an increase in the volume and quality of proposals. Javier Manzanares, GCF Executive Director ad interim, focused, among others, on: the Readiness Programme support; design and implementation of National Adaptation Plans (NAPs); and harnessing innovation and technology. He further highlighted the need to maximize the engagement of the private sector, build institutional capabilities and strong relationships with all stakeholders, and invest in transformational actions in a country-driven manner. Ousseynou Nakoulima, GCF, provided an overview of the state of play, noting that more than 90 country programmes have been funded, and giving information on their geographical distribution. He described structured dialogues as the way to facilitate discussions between countries and entities, and underscored the diverse network of GCF partners as key actors to deliver the programmes’ objectives. Jiwoo Choi, GCF, discussed the GCF portfolio by region, instrument and adaptation or mitigation window. She provided numerous examples of programmes, highlighting the Sustainable Energy Financing Facilities (SEFFs) launched by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the Universal Green Energy Access Programme (UGEAP) and the Sustainable Landscapes programme in Eastern Madagascar. Benedict Libanda, Environment Investment Fund, Namibia, discussed a community-based resource management programme in Namibia, noting that even relatively small projects may be effective in improving the livelihoods of local people, building capacities and institutions. Amal-Lee Amin, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), focused on the programme for sustainable energy alternatives for the Eastern Caribbean Countries (ECCs), providing details of the different stages of project development, and noting that geothermal energy, combined with solar energy and hydroelectric power, present significant potential to displace the use of oil in the region. Hakima El Haité, Minister Delegate in Charge of Environment of the Ministry of Energy, Mining, Water and Environment, Morocco, highlighted water, food security and energy as the priority sectors for Africa, and underscored the need for effective project implementation. In the ensuing discussion, participants addressed, inter alia: funding towards direct-access projects; ways to enhance transparency and effectiveness, and improve access to civil society organizations; collaboration with other institutions and neighboring countries; ways to engage less bureaucratic and more effective institutions; and ways to promote country ownership of projects. From L-R: Jiwoo Choi, GCF; Ousseynou Nakoulima, GCF; Ewen McDonald, GCF Co-Chair; Zaheer Fakir, GCF Co-Chair; and Javier Manzanares, GCF Executive Director ad interim Javier Manzanares, GCF Executive Director ad interim, stressed the need to maximize the private sector’s engagement and build institutional capacities. Hakima El Haité, Minister Delegate in Charge of Environment of the Ministry of Energy, Mining, Water and Environment, Morocco, underscored that the application process should be simple, so that developing countries can easily access GCF funds in order to finance their adaptation projects. Zaheer Fakir, GCF Co-Chair, stressed that business-as-usual is not working, arguing for a “business unusual” pathway. Lifting the GCF ambition regarding funding projects, Ewen McDonald, GCF Co-Chair, called for numerous, quality proposals. Contacts: Clifford Polycarp | cpolycarp@gcfund.org More Information: www.greenclimate.fund Mapping and Understanding Mountains to Achieve the 2030 Agenda Presented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) and OIKOS The session, moderated by Simon Rietbergen, FAO, focused on mountain frameworks in the context of climate change. He stressed that food security in mountain areas has decreased over the last decade. Andrew Taber, Executive Director, Mountain Institute, said that mountains have an important economic role in tourism, mining and forestry, provide 60-80% of global freshwater, and shelter a quarter of global terrestrial biodiversity and forests. He noted mountains are recognized in 48 Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) and three targets under two Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Stressing that even though 40% of people vulnerable to food insecurity live in mountains and that mountains are not mentioned in SDG 2 (zero hunger), he recommended specifically assessing the role of mountains across all the SDGs. Tilman Hertz, International Climate Initiative, underscored the importance of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA). He said EbA is a no-regrets measure that delivers many benefits, and is mentioned in 100 NDCs. He described EbA approaches in Chile to reduce avalanches, and in Nepal to reduce erosion rates near roads. He noted that eco-safe roads become cost effective in 12 years due to reduced maintenance costs. Eric Chavez Betancourt, President, OIKOS, presented on the case of vicuñas in Peru for ecosystem conservation, poverty reduction, development, adaptation and mitigation. He highlighted how, brought back from the brink of extinction, vicuñas provide an opportunity for lifting one million people in Peru out of poverty. Additionally, he noted that protecting vicuñas’ natural habitats, grasslands and wetlands provides key ecosystem services, such as water provision and carbon fixation. He called for Reduced Emissions from Avoided Degradation (READ) to be considered alongside REDD+. Faya Ahmed, Guinea, noted climate change impacts in Guinea’s mountains, including disruptions in rainfall patterns and spread of diseases such as malaria. Ahmed stressed that those impacts are worsened by practices, such as unsustainable farming and forestry, and by the lack of local health services. Charles Nyandiga, Small Grants Programme of the UN Development Programme and the Global Environment Facility (UNDP/GEF), underscored the central role of local communities in mountain conservation and adaptation strategies. He described examples of traditional crop usage to reverse agriculture degradation, agroforestry practices to reduce flooding and landslides, water management strategies to reduce water scarcity and ecosystem degradation, and ridge-to-reef strategies in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). He stressed that adopting improved energy cooking systems can significantly reduce pressure on mountain ecosystems. In the discussion, participants considered the importance of both EbA and community-based approaches. From L-R: Charles Nyandiga, UNDP/GEF Small Grants Programme; Eric Chavez Betancourt, President, OIKOS; Simon Rietbergen, FAO; Andrew Taber, Executive Director, Mountain Institute; and Tilman Hertz, International Climate Initiative Eric Chavez Betancourt, President, OIKOS, noted that traditional activities, such as rounding up vicuñas, help to maintain the cultural identity of communities. Faya Ahmed, Guinea, presented on the impacts of climate change in Mont Gangan, Guinea. Andrew Taber, as Chair of the Mountain Partnership, noted that the Mountain Partnership includes 57 governments and more than 280 organizations. Tilman Hertz, International Climate Initiative, said the Initiative had funded 500 projects for a total of €1.7 billion. Contacts: Simon Rietbergen (Moderator) | simon.rietbergen@fao.org More Information: www.mountainpartnership.org/ Enhancing Transparency of Mitigation and Finance: Lessons from ExperiencePresented by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Introduced by Jacob Werksman, DG-CLIMA, European Commission (EC), the event was moderated by Jane Ellis, OECD, and focused on enhancing the transparency of climate mitigation and finance. Gregory Briner, OECD, compared the diversity of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the Olympic disciplines, noting that there is not a single metric to measure the performance of all athletes. He underscored that often information is missing from NDCs, such as models and assumptions for business-as-usual (BAU) scenarios, or gross domestic product (GDP) and population projections in energy intensity goals. Sara Moarif, International Energy Agency (IEA), emphasized the importance of guidelines both for reporting and for reviewing. She said review and analysis should be objective, technical and focus on what is most useful to parties. She noted that, while review and analysis are resource-intensive, the benefits are very high. Jane Ellis, OECD, underscored the gaps in information regarding climate change finance, particularly private finance mobilized by public finance. She emphasized the need to ensure comparability of climate finance accounting methodologies, and noted that collective reporting of climate finance mobilized could improve the comprehensiveness and comparability of data. Cristina Urrutia, Peru, highlighted the country’s Inforcarbon tool, which provides reporting guidelines and emission factors for the different sectors in the country. She noted the tool has improved access and retention of information by the government. She noted the technical review process has increased the sense of relevance. Noting the lack of capacity in African countries, Alpha Kaloga, African Group, said the transparency framework should be fit for purpose. He highlighted the lack of information sharing within the recipient countries, and suggested that donors share information on climate finance with a national focal point. Yamil Bonduki, UN Development Programme (UNDP), said that transparency of NDCs has to be considered from the beginning of the process, rather than as an afterthought. He underscored the importance of understanding flows by sector at the national and international levels. Noting UNDP research on climate finance allocation over the years, he underlined the need for more understanding on how it affects the private sector. Bonduki said having a more transparent system for finance will attract international support, as donors are reassured the resources create the intended impact. In the ensuing discussion, participants discussed the role of multilateral institutions in incentivizing private investment, the need for annual data for modelers, capacity building at the sectoral level, domestic tracking of climate finance, and the role of civil society in tracking finance. From L-R: Jane Ellis, OECD; Sara Moarif, IEA; Gregory Briner, OECD; Cristina Urrutia, Peru; Alpha Kaloga, African Group; and Yamil Bonduki, UNDP Jacob Werksman, DG-CLIMA, EC, underscored the importance of transparency in mitigation and climate finance reporting. Gregory Briner, OECD, highlighted the importance of modalities, procedures and guidelines for transparency. Alpha Kaloga, African Group, supported the idea of a gatekeeper to centralize information on climate finance at the national level. Jane Ellis, OECD, noted that the Paris Agreement has an inconsistency on climate finance reporting provisions. Contacts: Jane Ellis (Coordinator) | jane.ellis@oecd.org More Information: www.oecd.org/env/cc/cop22-programme-side-events.htm Climate Change and Energy Transition in the Mediterranean Region: Opportunities Through Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) CooperationPresented by Observatoire Méditerranéen de l'Energie (OME) and Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC) This event, moderated by Houda Allal, General Director, OME, analyzed the Mediterranean basin countries’ NDCs and provided recommendations for achieving a low-carbon energy transition. Bruno Lescoeur, Chairman, OME, and Josep Xercavins, UPC, provided opening remarks. Lescoeur underscored the need for a low-carbon energy transition, stating that, without a drastic change in energy policy, energy emissions will continue to increase. Anne-France Didier, Director, Plan Bleu, provided an overview of the Barcelona Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean, noting the recently adopted strategies to address sustainable development and climate change under the Convention. On the Mediterranean NDCs, Xercavins said there is a large gap between the aggregate effect of the current NDCs and the level of compromises required to achieve the 2°C goal under the Paris Agreement. Olga Alcaraz, UPC, said that it is necessary to translate NDCs’ modelling to the country level to understand fully the levels of ambition. Lisa Guarrera, OME, presented on whether the NDC scenarios are setting us on the desired climate path. She said that, while it is clear that the North Mediterranean has embarked on a clear energy transition pathway in its NDCs, the South Mediterranean could be more ambitious. François Gréaume, French Environment and Energy Management Agency, highlighted key aspects of a successful energy transition, including: development of local capacities; programme implementation in priority sectors like energy, transport and agriculture; and engaging all actors in the energy transition. Amine Homman, ENGIE, then moderated a roundtable discussion. Mohamed El Amrani, Fédération de l’Energie, Morocco, said that Morocco is committed to achieving its NDC, having allocated over US$70 million to transitioning to clean energy. Abdelali Dakkina, National Agency for Energy Efficiency, Morocco, drew attention to the huge energy efficiency potential, which could take Morocco halfway to achieving its emissions reduction goal. Silvia Pariente-David, Center for Mediterranean Integration, noted that none of the NDCs from the Mediterranean reflect the need for better market integration to reduce emissions. She stressed the huge potential for renewables and called on the region to transition directly to natural gas. Amado Gil, Gas Natural Fenosa (GNF), stressed the role of natural gas in energy efficiency. In the discussion, participants considered the need to balance between energy supply and demand in the region, and the commitment of gas companies to changing the fossil fuel narrative. From L-R: Josep Xercavins, UPC; Bruno Lescoeur, Chairman, OME; and Houda Allal, General Director, OME. Josep Xercavins, UPC, underscored the need for references in order to assess if a country is on track for the 2°C global goal and that, with equity and justice, it is possible to translate the global goal reference to the Mediterranean region. Bruno Lescoeur, Chairman, OME, underlined the urgent need to profile and rethink how energy is produced, used and transformed in order to address climate change in the context of NDCs. Houda Allal, General Director, OME, said less energy consumption is not necessarily a reduction in energy use but an avoidance of emissions. Contacts: Houda Allal (Moderator) | houda.allal@ome.org Josep Xercavins | josep.xercavins@upc.edu More Information: www.ome.org/ www.upc.edu/ Improving Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Ecovillage Development, Energy Access and Zero-Carbon Societies in Africa, Asia and the European Union (EU)Presented by the Global Ecovillage Network (GEN), the International Network for Sustainable Energy (INFORSE) and the Nordic Folkecenter for Renewable Energy (NFVE) This side event, co-moderated by Kosha Anja Joubert, Executive Director, GEN, Gunnar Boye Olesen, INFORSE, and Preben Maegaard, Executive Director, NFVE, focused on ways through which local solutions may lead to ambitious NDCs, provide energy access and improve livelihoods. Highlighting intentional, traditional and urban ecovillages, and noting that GEN reaches out to 100,000 communities worldwide, Joubert urged considering new concepts of wealth, celebrating human culture and rebuilding solidarity in local communities. Tim Clarke, European Network for Community-Led Initiatives on Climate Change and Sustainability (ECOLISE), underscored social inclusion, local ownership, employment generation, and access to untapped resources and indigenous knowledge. Focusing on children, Linda Kabaira, GEN-Africa, Zimbabwe, presented on efforts to build resilience in a changing climate by greening schools. Highlighting that his country has negative net carbon emissions, Chencho Norbu, National Environment Commission Secretariat (NECS), Bhutan, presented national policies pursuing, inter alia, organic farming. Kavita Shriya Myles, INFORSE South Asia, discussed a pro-poor approach to universal clean energy access and a compassionate approach to improving livelihoods. Describing ecovillage development (EVD) as a climate solution, Dumindu Herath, Integrated Development Association (IDEA), Sri Lanka, underscored national initiatives, including the development of 10,000 climate-smart villages. Shovana Maharjan, Centre for Rural Technology (CRT), Nepal, discussed EVD contribution to achieving national and international goals and targets, highlighting capacity building and awareness-raising campaigns. Mohammad Mahmodul Hasan, Grameen Shakti, Bangladesh, addressed existing mitigation solutions at the national level, including the solar home electricity programme for off-grid villages, improved cooking stoves, biogas plants and organic farming. Underscoring the transboundary, cross-sectional and cross-cutting nature of climate change, Santosh Patnaik, Climate Action Network (CAN) South Asia, urged for regional cooperation to overcome climate vulnerabilities. Maegaard stressed that, by 2030, 58% of all new electricity generation capacity will be based on renewables. Stressing that the science behind the Paris Agreement clearly recognizes the need for net Zero-Carbon emissions, Paul Allen, Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT), UK, identified food, transport, buildings and energy as the four key sectors, and underscored that by "breaking existing climate silence", people forge a collective identity. Highlighting community power for the transition to 100% renewable energy, Leire Gorroño Albizu, NFVE, presented the case study of Hvide Sande in Denmark, where the installation of three community-owned wind turbines led to economic stability and development, job creation and self-sufficiency. During discussions, participants addressed, among others: emissions related to meat consumption; reduction in beef consumption and potential effects for communities that are based on animal husbandry; ways to overcome water scarcity problems; inclusiveness under mitigation; and ways to connect the regional, national and international levels. From L-R: Chencho Norbu, NECS, Bhutan; Tim Clarke, ECOLISE; Kosha Anja Joubert, Executive Director, GEN; and Linda Kabaira, GEN-Africa, Zimbabwe Highlighting food sovereignty, Linda Kabaira, GEN-Africa, Zimbabwe, cried on behalf of the children: “we are not too young to be involved.” Calling for rebuilding solidarity and sharing, Kosha Anja Joubert, Executive Director, GEN, stressed that there are no solutions at the national level; “we are in one boat.” From L-R: Shovana Maharjan, CRT, Nepal; Mohammad Mahmodul Hasan, Grameen Shakti, Bangladesh; Gunnar Boye Olesen, INFORSE; Kavita Myles, INFORSE South Asia; Dumindu Herath, IDEA, Sri Lanka; and Santosh Patnaik, CAN South Asia Mohammad Mahmodul Hasan, Grameen Shakti, Bangladesh, noted that a model for EVD will be submitted as a project proposal to the Green Climate Fund (GCF). Kavita Shriya Myles, INFORSE South Asia, highlighted gender mainstreaming income generation, capacity building and equitable access to resources. Contacts: Kosha Anja Joubert (Moderator) | kosha.joubert@ecovillage.org Gunnar Boye Olesen (Moderator) | olesen@ve.dk Preben Maegaard (Moderator) | pm@folkecenter.dk More Information: www.gen.ecovillage.org www.inforse.dk www.folkecenter.net

On Tuesday, the UN Climate Change Conference in Marrakech, Morocco, convened. In the morning, the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) met in a contact group to discuss all its substantive agenda items, and the joint COP/CMP plenary resumed to hear statements. Several contact groups and informal consultations under the SBI, SBSTA and APA convened throughout the day. The APA met in informal consultations on: further guidance in relation to the mitigation section of decision 1/CP.21 (the Paris outcome); modalities, procedures and guidelines for the transparency framework for action and support; matters relating to the global stocktake; modalities and procedures for the effective operation of the committee to facilitate implementation and promote compliance; and further matters related to the implementation of the Paris Agreement. The COP Presidency also held informal consultations on the first session of the COP serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA 1). IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, is providing daily web coverage, daily reports and a summary and analysis report from the Marrakech Climate Change Conference - November 2016. Photos by IISD/ENB | Kiara Worth. For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions on our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage page. Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) Contact Group View of the dais during the APA contact group APA Co-Chair Jo Tyndall, New Zealand APA Co-Chair Sarah Baashan, Saudi Arabia Jacob Werksman, EU Patrick Suckling, Australia Franz Perrez, Switzerland Diego Pacheco Balanza, Bolivia Ian Fry, Tuvalu Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) In-Session Workshop Delegates during the SBSTA in-session workshop on modalities for the accounting of financial resources provided and mobilized through public interventions in accordance with Article 9.7 of the Paris Agreement Workshop Co-Facilitator Rafael Da Soler, Brazil Vicky Noens, Belgium Andrés Mogro, Ecuador Aishath Aileen Niyaz, Maldives Randy Caruso, US Evans Davie Njewa, Malawi Bernarditas Muller, the Philippines Raphael Jachnik, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Joint COP/CMP Resumed Plenary View of the dais during the COP/CMP resumed plenary Salaheddine Mezouar, COP 22/CMP 12 President Hussein Alfa Nafo, Mali, speaking on behalf of the African Group Manasvi Srisodapol, Thailand, speaking on behalf of the G-77/China Jaime Hermida, Nicaragua, speaking on behalf of the Central American Integration System (SICA) Abdullahi Majeed, Maldives, speaking on behalf of the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) Contact Group View of the dais during the SBI contact group on budget performance for the biennium 2016-2017 Contact Group Chair Kunihiko Shimada, Japan Philip Weech, the Bahamas Erwin Rose, US Civil Society Demonstration Members of civil society advocate for investing in climate justice as opposed to war Informal Consultations throughout the Day The COP 22/CMP 12 Presidency conducts informal consultations on the COP serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA 1) SBSTA informal consultations on the technology framework referred to in Article 10.4 of the Paris Agreement SBSTA informal consultations on guidance on cooperative approaches referred to in Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement The SBI and SBSTA Chairs hold a dialogue with observer organizations SBSTA informal consultations on greenhouse gas data interface Around the Venue Delegates enter the negotiating room for APA consultations Delegates from Norway Delegates from the US and Colombia The youngest delegate in plenary Delegates between sessions Oleg Shamanov, Russian Federation, and Abdullah K. Tawlah, Saudi Arabia Delegates huddle to discuss matters informally Delegates between sessions

On Friday morning, the 2016 World Summit began its third vibrant day of forums, meetings, policy dialogues, and workshops, focusing on: the spirit of solidarity; the right to the city at the heart of the New Urban Agenda; local finance, participation and inclusive governance; city-to-city and South-South and triangular cooperation for decent work; how local climate action will deliver on the Paris Agreement; and local resources and public investments. The permanent working platform dedicated to co-creating the city examined the right to the diverse city, experimental cities and the right to the fair city. In the afternoon, the second session of the Second World Assembly of Local and Regional Governments adopted a joint statement on the New Urban Agenda to deliver to Habitat III. Following the Assembly, participants joined evening sessions on financing the new agenda, cities in crisis, public spaces, urban innovation and governing with the citizen. The day was also filled with opportunities for networking and connecting, including a social event in the evening. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB+ Meeting Coverage, has provided daily web coverage and daily reports from the World Summit of Local and Regional Leaders - Local Voices for a Better World and the 5th UCLG World Congress. In addition, IISD Reporting Services has provided a summary report, which is available in HTML and PDF. Photos by IISD/ENB | Diego Noguera For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page. Presentations Corner - Digitizing Rio and Porto Maravilha Participants listen to a presentation about Cisco’s Urban Innovation Challenge for Brazilians Workshop - From Compact of Mayors to Global Covenant of Mayors: How Local Climate Action Will Deliver on the Paris Agreement Panel speakers of the session Permanent Working Platform - Co-Creating the City: Right to the Diverse City Participants debated the role of local governments, urban planners and communities in supporting cultural diversity Lucina Jiménez, Director General, Consorcio Internacional Arte y Escuela A.C. (CONARTE), Mexico Igor Stokfiszewski, Political Critique Bernardo Gutiérrez, Medialab-Prado Madrid A participant shares perspectives and experiences Boyd Cohen, Universitat de Vic Learning Forum - Practical Sessions: Local Finance, Participation and Inclusive Governance Participants listen to Roger Quiroga Becerra de la Roca, La Paz, Bolivia Community Forum - Regional Governments Panel speakers of the event Gustavo Baroja, Governor of Pichincha, President of Association of Autonomous Provincial Governments of Ecuador (CONGOPE) Moderator Antònia Sabartés, UCLG Forum of Regions Sarath Ethnayake, Chief Minister of Central Province, Sri Lanka Didier Alberto Tavera Amado, Governor of Santander, Colombia Rashid Seedat, Gauteng, South Africa Benoît Faucheux, Centre-Val de Loire, France The audience during the session Policy Dialogue - Building the Spirit of Solidarity L-R: Moderator Shipra Narang Suri, General Assembly of Partners towards Habitat III; Fatimetou Mint Abdel Malick, Mayor of Tevragh-Zeina, Mauritania; Carlos Martínez, FEMP and Mayor of Soria; Isaac Ashai Odamtten, Mayor of Tema, Ghana; Paulson-Pierre-Philippe, Port-au-Prince; José Cruz-Osorio, UNDP; Luc Martens, President of Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities (VVSG); Oswar Muadzin Mungkasa, Jakarta, Indonesia; and Abdel Sadi, Seine Saint Denis Department Council Moderator Shipra Narang Suri, General Assembly of Partners towards Habitat III Fatimetou Mint Abdel Malick, Mayor of Tevragh-Zeina, Mauritania Abdel Sadi, Seine Saint Denis Department Council Learning Forum - Practical Sessions: City-to-City and South-South and Triangular Cooperation for Decent Work A debate on success factors inciting “City-to-City and South-South and Triangular Cooperation for Decent Work” Community Forum - Locally Elected Women L-R: Moderator Emilia Saiz, Deputy Secretary General, UCLG; Anne Hidalgo, Mayor of Paris, France; Sally A. Lee, Mayor of Sorsogon City; Manuela Carmena, Mayor of Madrid, Spain; Fatimetou Abdel Malick, Mayor of Tevragh Zeina, Mauritania; Fatma Şahin, Mayor of Gaziantep, Turkey; and Cristina Vélez, Secretary for Women, City of Bogotá Sally A. Lee, Mayor of Sorsogon City, Philippines Anne Hidalgo, Mayor of Paris Célestine Ketcha Courtès, Mayor of Bangangté, Cameroon Sylvie Goneau, Councilor of Gatineau, Québec Permanent Working Platform - Co-Creating the City: Future of Cities — Experimental Cities L-R: Boyd Cohen, Universitat de Vic; Fabro Steibel, Institute for Technology and Society (ITS-Rio); and Gabriella Gómez-Mont, Laboratorio para la Ciudad A view of the room during the event Policy Dialogue - The Right to the City at the Heart of the Urban Agenda Panel speakers of the session Alison Brown, Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO) Ada Colau, Mayor of Barcelona, Spain Second Session of the Second World Assembly of Local and Regional Governments A view of the dais during an intervention with Rosa M. Ribera i Mitjavila, Mayor of Terrassa, Spain Policy Dialogue - Financing the New Urban Agenda L-R: Marco Kamiya, UN-Habitat; George McCarthy, Lincoln Institute for Land Policy; Luiz de Mello, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Nathalie Le Denmat, UCLG; Rémi Rioux, French Development Agency (AFD); Luis Revilla Herrero, Mayor of La Paz; and Daria Cibrario, Public Services International Workshop - Urban Innovation: Implementing the SDGs and the New Urban Agenda L-R: Peter Woods, UCLG; Monika Zimmermann, ICLEI; Neal Peirce, Citiscope; Arab Hoballah, UNEP; and Sunil Dubey, Metropolis Workshop - Governing with the Citizen: Transparent and Accountable Local Governments in an Increasingly Urbanized World L-R: Diana López, UN-Habitat; Murat Aydin, Mayor of Zeytinburnu, Turkey; Carlos Martínez, Mayor of Soria, Spain, Member of the Board of Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEMP); Marcela Restrepo, Transparency International Colombia; Alonso Cerdán, Open Government Partnership; and Daniel Martínez, Mayor of Montevideo, Uruguay Around the Venue Participants networking Manuela Carmena, Mayor of Madrid, is interviewed by the local media

On Thursday morning, 2016 World Summit participants attended parallel workshops, policy dialogues and learning forums covering: culture and urban transformation; Latin American decentralization; a model city council; strategic facilitation; bottom-up national development; affordable housing, gentrification, accessibility and urban development; local economic development for social cohesion; mobility; and the ‘Handbook on International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning.’ The permanent working platform on co-creating the city continued throughout the day. In the afternoon, a plenary on ‘Linking up the 2030 Agenda and the New Urban Agenda’ convened, followed by a meeting of the UCLG Executive Bureau. Afternoon workshops explored: the UCLG City of Bogotá Peace Prize Finals; territorial governance for food security; SDGs localization; and the HIV threat in cities. A policy dialogue addressed territories for the promotion of sustainable local economic and environmental policies, while a learning forum emphasized the importance of learning for professionals and leaders, specifically in local governments. Throughout the day, attendees could also explore new topics through films at the cinema forums and 30-minute talks in the presentations corner. Constituencies held community forums and other groups met, including the metropolitan and peripheral cities constituency, CEOs of local government associations, the UN Advisory Committee on Local Authorities (UNACLA), the Metropolis Executive-Financial Committee, and the preparatory meeting of the 1st World Forum on Urban Violence and Education for Coexistence and Peace to be held in April 2017. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB+ Meeting Coverage, has provided daily web coverage and daily reports from the World Summit of Local and Regional Leaders - Local Voices for a Better World and the 5th UCLG World Congress. In addition, IISD Reporting Services has provided a summary report, which is available in HTML and PDF. Photos by IISD/ENB | Diego Noguera For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page. Permanent Working Platform - Co-Creating the City: Right to the City of Learning Participants engaged in discussions through Google Hangouts Nelson Saule, Instituto Pólis Participants shared perspectives and experiences Policy Dialogue - Culture as a Dimension in Urban Transformation Panel speakers of the session Michel Vallée, Director of Culture, Vaudreuil-Dorion, Canada Karim Hendili, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Community Forum - Metropolitan and Peripheral Cities Panel speakers of the event Moderator Octavio de la Varga, World Association of the Major Metropolises Aromar Revi, Director, Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS) Participants listening to panelists Learning Forum - Practical Sessions: The Art of Strategic Facilitation Panel speakers of the event Harold Jarche, Jarche Consulting Jeannette Vélez Ramírez, Global Actions and Solutions Kubeshni Govender, Black Earth Consulting Participants listen to the remarks from Sogen Moodley, Municipal Institute of Learning (MILE), eThekwini, South Africa Workshop - Laying the Path for Inclusive Cities: Affordable Housing, Gentrification, Accessibility and Urban Development L-R: Josep Roig, UCLG Secretary General; Angel Gurría, Secretary General, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Ana Marie Argilagos, Ford Foundation; Federico Gutiérrez, Mayor of Medellín, Colombia; Manuela Carmena, Mayor of Madrid, Spain; and Denis Coderre, Mayor of Montréal, Canada, UCLG North America President and Metropolis President Ana Marie Argilagos, Ford Foundation Federico Gutiérrez, Mayor of Medellín Denis Coderre, Mayor of Montréal, UCLG North America President and Metropolis President Manuela Carmena, Mayor of Madrid Angel Gurría, Secretary General, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Participants during the event Permanent Working Platform - Co-Creating the City: Right to the Democratic City Participants during the event Bernardo Gutiérrez, Medialab-Prado Madrid Héctor Huerga, Activist Susana Villarán de la Puente, former Mayor of Lima, Peru Fernando Pintado, Barcelona, Spain Hassan Hmani, Nanterre, France Eliana Guerrero, Colombia Learning Forum - Practical Sessions: Mobility An overview of breakout groups discussing success factors for better urban mobility Policy Dialogue - Drive Bottom-Up National Development L-R: Josep Lluís Alay, Commissioner for International Relations of Province of Barcelona, UCLG Committee on Decentralization and Local Self-Government; Rose Christiane Ossouka Raponda, Mayor of Libreville, Gabon; Hugo Siles, Minister of Autonomy, Bolivia; Moderator Jean-Pierre Elong Mbassi, Secretary General, UCLG Africa; Rosario Bento Pais, Head of Unit, DEVCO B2, European Commission; Simón Gaviria, Director of National Planning Department, Colombia; Emil Elestianto Dardak, Regent Mayor of Trenggalek Regency, Indonesia; and Clark Somerville, President, Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) Josep Lluís Alay, Commissioner for International Relations of Province of Barcelona, UCLG Committee on Decentralization and Local Self-Government Clark Somerville, FCM President Hugo Siles, Minister of Autonomy, Bolivia Moderator Jean-Pierre Elong Mbassi, Secretary General, UCLG Africa Simón Gaviria, Director of National Planning Department, Colombia A participant asks a question to the panel Elevator Pitch - Handbook on International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning Participants during the event Community Forum - Local Government Associations: Discussion among CEOs Participants during the event Workshop - SDGs Localization L-R: Santiago Gallo, Member of Executive Secretariat, FLACMA; Mohamed Saadieh, President of Union of Dannieh Municipalities, Co-President of UCLG-MEWA; Sylvie Goneau, Councilor of Gatineau, 2nd Vice President of Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM); Mpho Moruakgomo, President of Botswana Association of Local Authorities (BALA), Chair of the Board of Commonweatlth Local Government Forum (CLGF); Johannes Krassnitzer, ART Programme Specialist of United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); Christine Musisi, Director of External Relations Division of UN-Habitat; Ute Böttcher, Head of Competence Center Democracy, Policy Dialogue and Urban Development of DeLoG-GIZ; and Paula Lucci, Research Fellow of Overseas Development Institute (ODI) Workshop - SDGs Localization Rafael Zavala (left), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), addresses participants Learning Forum - Concepts and Trends L-R: Kubeshni Govender, Black Earth Consulting; Sara Hoeflich, UCLG; Harold Jarche, Jarche Consulting; Cézar Busatto, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Erik Vergel, University of Rosario; and Josep Roig, UCLG Secretary General Policy Dialogue - Territories to Promote Sustainable Local Economic and Environmental Policies L-R: Monika Zimmermann, Deputy Secretary General, Local Governments for Sustainability (ICLEI); Ronan Dantec, Senator, Loire-Atlantique, France; Gerardo Pisarello, First Deputy Mayor of Barcelona, Spain; Dina Oyun, Mayor of Kyzyl, Russia; Tom Dallessio, Next City; Juan Mari Aburto, Mayor of Bilbao, Spain; and Ana Giros Calpe, Suez Environment Plenary - Links Between the 2030 Agenda and the New Urban Agenda Participants listen to panel speakers Mónica Fein, Mayor of Rosario, Argentina Thomas Gass, Assistant Secretary-General, UN Department of Social and Economic Affairs (UN-DESA) Aromar Revi, Director, IIHS Parks Tau, Councilor, Johannesburg, South Africa Denis Coderre, Mayor of Montréal, UCLG North America President and Metropolis President Manuela Carmena, Mayor of Madrid Angel Gurría, OECD Secretary General Edgar Pieterse, Director, African Center for Cities UCLG Executive Bureau The dais during the bureau meeting Around the Venue Participants during a networking break

Following the opening of the Ministerial Segment on Monday, participants at the 2016 meeting of the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF) discussed “Main messages from first HLPF week: our starting point.” This was followed by keynote speeches and panel discussions related to the meeting’s theme of “Ensuring that no one is left behind,” on: “Reaching the most vulnerable;” “Challenges of countries in special situations;” and “Unlocking means of implementation (MOI) for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and creating an enabling environment.” A general debate took place at the end of the day. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, has provided daily reports, daily web coverage and a summary and analysis from HLPF 2016, which is available in HTML and PDF format. Photos by IISD/ENB | Kiara Worth For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Opening of the Ministerial Segment Delegates gather for the opening of the Ministerial Segment Jan Eliasson, Deputy Secretary-General of the UN Oh Joon, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Korea to the UN and President of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Jürg Lauber, Permanent Representative of Switzerland to the UN and Vice President of ECOSOC Héctor Alejandro Palma Cerna, Deputy Permanent Representative of Honduras to the UN and Vice President of ECOSOC Mogens Lykketoft, President of the UN General Assembly Erna Solberg, Prime Minister of Norway Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh, Vice President of Viet Nam Ensuring that no one is left behind: reaching the most vulnerable Panel speakers during the session Hugo Roger Martínez Bonilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs, El Salvador Rita Schwarzelühr-Sutter, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety, Germany Guy Ryder, Director-General, International Labour Organization (ILO) Kate Gilmore, Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights Md. Shahidul Haque, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Bangladesh Christian Friis Bach, Under Secretary-General and Executive Secretary, UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Delegates watch proceedings from the gallery Ensuring that no one is left behind: challenges of countries in special situations View of the dais during the session Álvaro García, Office of Planning and Budget of the Presidency, Uruguay Gyan Chandra Acharya, Under Secretary-General and High Representative for the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) Dame Meg Taylor, Secretary-General, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat Helen Clark, Administrator, UN Development Programme (UNDP) Tawakkol Abdel-Salam Karman, 2011 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Karina Gould, Parliamentary Secretary for International Development, Canada Ricardo Cardona, Minister of Social Development, Honduras Shamshad Akhtar, Under Secretary-General and Executive Secretary, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) Daniel Mensinga, Major Group for Children and Youth Ensuring that no one is left behind: unlocking the means of implementation for the Sustainable Development Goals and creating an enabling environment View of the dais during the session  Michelle Muschett, Vice Minister of Social Development, Panama Ardalan Shekarabi, Minister for Public Administration, Sweden Axel Bertuch-Samuels, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Vaughan Turekian, Advisor to the US Secretary of State Neven Mimica, EU Commissioner for International Cooperation and Development Douglas Frantz, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Mahmoud Mohieldin, World Bank Group Representatives from the Women's Major Group hold up pictures of environmental and human rights activists who have been killed, demonstrating the need to create an enabling environment for stakeholder participation General Debate Delegates participate in a general debate Virachai Plasai, Permanent Representative of Thailand to the UN, speaking on behalf of the G-77/China Juan Temístocles Montás, Minister of Economy, Planning and Development, Dominician Republic, speaking on behalf of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Bernard Kamphasa, Zambia, speaking on behalf of the LLDCs Eden Charles, Deputy Permanent Representative of Trinidad and Tobago to the UN, speaking on behalf of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Jiko Fatafehi Luveni, Fiji, speaking on behalf of the Group of Pacific SIDS Mohammed Khaled Khiari, Permanent Representative of Tunisia to the UN, speaking on behalf of the African Group Mohammed Maziad Al Tuwaijri, Vice-Minister of Economy and Planning, Saudi Arabia Celebrating Nelson Mandela Day A special event is held in the ECOSOC Chamber to commemorate "Mandela Day" Delegates stand to observe a moment of silence to honor Nelson Mandela and his contribution to freedom and justice in the world Stevie Wonder, UN Messenger of Peace Around the Venue Delegates gather for the start of the Ministerial Segment Delegates greet each other before the start of plenary Delegates from the Democratic Republic of the Congo Delegates from South Africa Delegates speak informally Erna Solberg, Prime Minister of Norway, and Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh, Vice-President of Viet Nam, participate in an event "Scream from Nature" that emphasized the importance of environmental protection Erna Solberg, Prime Minister of Norway, and Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh, Vice-President of Viet Nam, stand with children during the event Musical performance by fifth graders from the Special Music School, New York Around the UN Headquarters