RINGOs

The Bonn Climate Change Conference met for its final day on Thursday, 18 May. In the morning, the closing plenary for the forty-sixth session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA 46) convened and suspended. The SBSTA gaveled to a close at 7:54pm. In the afternoon, the forty-sixth session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI 46) convened. Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, incoming COP 23 President, Fiji, addressed the plenary, underscoring that “those who are most vulnerable must be heard” and stated that COP 23 will forge a coalition to uphold and advance the Paris Agreement. The SBI took several decisions and then suspended. The SBI gaveled to a close at 7:37pm. In the late afternoon, the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA 1-3) contact group met and continued to work into the evening. Saying "the clock is ticking," APA Co-Chair Sarah Baashan (Saudi Arabia) suspended APA 1-3 at 9:29pm. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, provided digital coverage, daily reports and a summary and analysis report from the Bonn Climate Change Conference - May 2017. Photos by IISD/ENB | Kiara Worth For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page High-Level Meetings with the Prime Minister of Fiji A roundtable discussion between the incoming COP 23 / CMP 13 Presidency and the COP 22 / CMP 12 Presidency Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji, and incoming COP 23 / CMP 13 President UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa  A roundtable discussion is held with the Prime Minister of Fiji and the COP 22 / CMP 12 Presidency Inia Seruiratu, Minister of Agriculture, Rural and Maritime Development and National Disaster Management, and High-Level Climate Champion, Fiji; and Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji, and incoming COP 23 / CMP 13 President Nazhat Shameem Khan, Fiji, incoming COP 23 / CMP 13 Presidency; Aziz Mekouar, Morocco, COP 22 / CMP 12 Presidency; and Hamza Tber, Morocco COP 22 / CMP 12 Presidency Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) Plenary View of the dais during the SBSTA closing plenary SBSTA Chair Carlos Fuller, Belize Victor Kabengele Wa Kadilu, the Democratic Republic of the Congo Jesus Guerra Bell, Cuba, speaking on behalf of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA) Juan Carlos Arredondo Brun, Mexico, speaking on behalf of the Environmental Integrity Group (EIG) Abdullah K. Tawlah, Saudi Arabia Catherine Stewart, Canada Kay Harrison, New Zealand Marilyn Averill, Research and Independent NGOs (RINGOs) Côme Girschig, Youth NGOs (YOUNGOs) Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, Indigenous Peoples Deborah Mugerwa Nalwanga, Women and Gender Eddy Pérez, Climate Action Network (CAN), speaking on behalf of Environmental NGOs (ENGOs) Rachel Kennerley, Friends of the Earth International, speaking on behalf of ENGOs Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) Closing Plenary Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji, arrives at the plenary Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji SBI Chair Tomasz Chruszczow, Poland View of the dais during the SBI plenary Bernarditas Muller, Philippines, speaking on behalf of the G-77/China Trigg Talley, US Oleg Shamanov, Russian Federation Mamadou Honadia, Burkino Faso Ghalia Benziouche, Algeria Mohamed Nasr, Egypt Delegates huddle to discuss a way forward with SBI conclusions Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) Closing Plenary The draft APA negotiating text is distributed to delegates Delegates from the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) SBSTA Chair Carlos Fuller, Belize, and Kishan Kumarsingh, Trinidad and Tobago APA Co-Chair Jo Tyndall, New Zealand Ian Fry, Ethiopia, speaking on behalf of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) Xolisa Ngwadla, South Africa, speaking on behalf of the African Group Henrik Eriksen, Norway Nicole Wilke, EU Amjad Abdulla, Maldives Reinaldo Salgado, Brazil Franz Perrez, Switzerland, speaking on behalf of the EIG Around the Venue Delegates from Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay Nazhat Shameem Khan, Fiji, incoming COP 23 / CMP 13 Presidency Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji, and incoming COP 23 / CMP 13 President Horacio Peluffo, UNFCCC Secretariat; Aziz Mekouar, Morocco, COP 22 / CMP 12 Presidency; and Hamza Tber, Morocco, COP 22 / CMP 12 Presidency Delegates from South Sudan Delegates from Botswana Delegates from Sudan Delegates from The Gambia Chebet Maikut, Uganda Collin Beck, Solomon Islands Delegates speak informally The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB) team covering the negotiations: Claudia Friedrich, Germany; Aaron Cosbey, Canada; Rishikesh Ram Bhandary, Nepal/US; Annelies Van Gaalen, South Africa; Jen Allan, Canada; Alice Bisiaux, France/Spain; Mari Luomi, Finland/UAE; Beate Antonich, Germany/US; and Kiara Worth, South Africa

The following side events were covered by ENBOTS on Thursday, 18 May 2017: Global Research and Development Cooperation in Climate Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges Climate Justice and Youth – An Inter-Generational Dialogue Implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions: Climate Finance for Water-Related Adaptation and Mitigation Action IISD Reporting Services, through its Earth Negotiations Bulletin on the Side (ENBOTS) Meeting Coverage, is providing daily web coverage of selected side events at the Bonn Climate Change Conference, May 2017. Photos by IISD/ENB | Angeles Estrada Vigil For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Global Research and Development Cooperation in Climate Technologies: Opportunities and ChallengesPresented by the Joint Implementation Network, the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) and the University of Nijmegen (RU) This side event explored the implications of global research and development (R&D) cooperation, including with emerging economies, on development and transfer of mitigation technologies. Heleen de Coninck, RU, moderated the event.  Presenting findings from research on “R&D offshoring” to emerging economies by Western multinational companies, Ulrich Elmer Hansen, UNEP DTU Partnership, noted national concerns in the EU and US concerning loss of long-term industrial leadership and “hollowing out” of the home-country knowledge base. At the firm level, he said benefits to R&D offshoring include lower R&D costs and productivity increases, while knowledge management of a globally spread network represents a key challenge. Noting that the literature in this area focuses on the national and regional levels, he stressed the need to examine what can be done at the international level, including within the UNFCCC. Sören Lindner, RU, presented on research on mapping of collaboration in research and innovation for climate change mitigation between the EU and developing countries. He highlighted that the real drivers and motivations behind initiatives may not be as clear-cut as expressed in project proposals, and emphasized that there is a focus on project “output” instead of more long-term “outcome and impact” considerations among project managers and sponsors. Among recommendations, he highlighted: making the objectives of both partners explicit; and finding and highlighting mutual benefits, and building a relationship based on commonalities among partners. Martina Lyons, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (DG R&I), European Commission, presented on the Commission’s technology cooperation with emerging economies. Noting the Commission’s strong involvement in the first stages of the innovation chain, she highlighted the Horizon 2020 programme as the biggest research, development and demonstration (RD&D) programme in the world with a seven-year budget of EUR 6 billion for energy research and innovation. She also drew attention to Mission Innovation, in which 22 countries and the EU are taking action to double their public clean energy R&D investment over five years.  Stressing “RD&D is where the UNFCCC can do the most,” Gabriel Blanco, National University of Central Buenos Aires (UNICEN), welcomed references to RD&D in the Paris Agreement and Decision 1/CP.21 (Adoption of the Paris Agreement). Among reasons why cooperative RD&D is the right way forward, he highlighted, inter alia, the potential for creation of new private enterprises and public-private joint ventures that may lead to the sharing of intellectual property rights (IPRs) and joint patents. Marieke Reijalt, European Hydrogen Association, highlighted that “the big difference” will be made in emerging economies when it comes to technology implementation, and said EU-funded technologies should be tested for viability in developing countries. She called for: “simplicity” from institutions when it comes to supporting R&D; and a mechanism to further spur industrial interest in technology transfer.  Juan Hoffmaister, Green Climate Fund (GCF), highlighted the Fund’s examination of how collaborative R&D fits into its business model, and said the Fund will present a proposal on this topic in October 2017. Among key challenges the Fund is facing in this regard, he highlighted how to separate the concept of collaborative R&D from the larger technology cycle, and how to ensure that such financing is bankable. In the ensuing discussion, participants considered, inter alia: the question of whether funding cycles are too short, given an undue focus on outputs over impacts; whether IPRs are an issue in RD&D; differences in motivations between developed and developing countries for participating in RD&D; challenges of making RD&D investments, given that “fruits are uncertain” and more long-term; and the role of culture in shaping outputs and impacts of projects. L-R: Ulrich Elmer Hansen, UNEP DTU Partnership; Heleen de Coninck, RU; Sören Lindner, RU; and Martina Lyons, DG R&I, European Commission Ulrich Elmer Hansen, UNEP DTU Partnership, highlighted that R&D is increasingly taking place on the global scale, with China, India and Brazil among key global actors.   Martina Lyons, DG R&I, European Commission, highlighted the Commission’s underlying principles for cooperation in RD&D are mutual benefit and common interest. Sören Lindner, RU, said projects need a “trust-building” phase, after which sustained collaboration on technology innovation can often begin. L-R: Gabriel Blanco, UNICEN; Heleen de Coninck, RU; Marieke Reijalt, European Hydrogen Association; and Juan Hoffmaister, GCF Heleen de Coninck, RU, noted that, to improve capabilities to implement Nationally Determined Contributions, long-term cooperation is more effective than one-off training. Gabriel Blanco, UNICEN, welcomed the Technology Mechanism’s support for the entire technology cycle. Contact: Wytze van der Gaast | wytze@jin.ngo  Sara Traerup | slmt@dtu.dk  Heleen de Coninck | h.deconinck@fnwi.ru.nl  More Information: http://carisma-project.eu/ http://unfccc.int/ttclear/support/technology-mechanism.html Climate Justice and Youth – An Inter-Generational DialoguePresented by the Plant-for-the-Planet and the Global Marshall Plan Foundation This side event discussed issues related to climate justice and youth, including ways to better engage non-party stakeholders in implementation of the Paris Agreement, and youth initiatives around the world, such as the ‘Trillion Tree Campaign’ by Plant-for-the-Planet. Thomas Bruhn, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), and Yugratna Srivastava, Plant-for-the-Planet, moderated the discussion.  The event was conducted in an interactive dialogue format, with the audience being given several opportunities to share views with each other and report back to the meeting.  On integrating a broad range of stakeholders in developing the Paris Agreement rulebook, participants highlighted, inter alia, the need to: capture scientific, political and local knowledge; create acceptance, legitimacy and relevance of non-state actor participation; fully integrate empowerment and social learning; and generate sensitivity to “what stakeholders on the ground actually need.” Miroslav Polzer, Secretary General, International Association for the Advancement of Innovative Approaches to Global Challenges (IAAI), called for stakeholders to facilitate social innovation to advance implementation of Article 12 of the Paris Agreement (climate education) and action on climate empowerment.  Gaston Meskens, Research and Independent Non-governmental Organizations (RINGOs), shared his views on observer participation in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), emphasizing that “the more pressure there is on parties to deliver, the less willing they are to give access to civil society to the negotiations.” He called for dialogue between delegates and civil society in the form of “compassionate confrontation,” which would be “inspiring and liberating for us all.” On facilitating dialogue among party delegates and civil society, Andreas Sieber, Climate Tracker, explained that his organization trains people online and offline in 22 languages to report on UNFCCC negotiations. Providing examples of writers’ impact on the negotiations, he stressed the importance of focusing on a single issue without losing sight of the “bigger picture.”  Following a brief informal exchange of views, participants underscored, inter alia: the importance of maximizing the impact of youth; and the inverse relationship between stakeholder participation and pressure exerted on party delegates, noting the differences between short-term and long-term pressure. Timothy Damon, Global Youth Development Institute (GYDI), highlighted the reference to “intergenerational equity” in the preamble of the Paris Agreement, and stressed the need to have civil society onboard for Article 12 (education and training) implementation. He outlined GYDI’s efforts in: bringing youth from the global South to participate in climate negotiations; and national and regional capacity building.  Berenice Danaé Espinoza Hernández, CLIC!, emphasized the need for non-party stakeholders to not only be included in the negotiation process, but also to continue work in their own countries. Highlighting the importance of regional cooperation, she cautioned against creating divisions between the global North and global South within the youth caucus.  In the ensuing discussion, participants considered, inter alia: the need for early climate education; the need for scholarships to increase representation of the global South financed through innovative fundraising; the innovative format of the side event and the need for co-productive settings that create a social learning space; and the implications of discussions on conflict of interest on observer participation. L-R: Yugratna Srivastava, Plant-for-the-Planet; Berenice Danaé Espinoza Hernández, Clic!; Timothy Damon, GYDI; Andreas Sieber, Climate Tracker; Gaston Meskens, RINGOs; and Miroslav Polzer, Secretary General, IAAI Yugratna Srivastava, Plant-for-the-Planet, highlighted Subsidiary Body for Implementation conclusions, underscoring the value of non-party stakeholders’ effective engagement and their contributions to the deliberations on substantive issues. Andreas Sieber, Climate Tracker (left), said it is important to give voice to, as well as “lay demands” on, youth. Gaston Meskens, RINGOs, noted that the “UNFCCC process is complex and slow, but it is the only one we have; without it, all the climate decisions would be taken in Davos.” Miroslav Polzer, Secretary General, IAAI, called for identifying how activities on education, communication and outreach could be documented and used to feed into Paris Agreement implementation. Timothy Damon, GYDI, highlighted the need to hear the “vibrant” voices of all stakeholders in the climate negotations to enable Paris Agreement implementation on the ground. Berenice Danaé Espinoza Hernández, Clic!, said “we’re all global youth and we’re together in this.” Elena Kosolapova, ENBOTS team, and Thomas Bruhn, IASD Contact: Yugratna Srivastava | yugratna@gmail.com  Frithjof Finkbeiner | frithjof.finkbeiner@globalmarshallplan.org  More Information: https://www.plant-for-the-planet.org/en/home#intro   http://www.globalmarshallplan.org/en Implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions: Climate Finance for Water-Related Adaptation and Mitigation ActionPresented by the World Water Council (WWC), the Global Water Partnership (GWP) and the International Water Association (IWA) In this side event, participants discussed climate change impacts on the water cycle, water security as a priority within Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and unrecognized mitigation opportunities in water systems.  Dani Gaillard-Picher, Director, WWC, moderated the event. Highlighting the ‘Climate is Water’ initiative, she said that “water is talked about everywhere” but still not given the “attention it deserves.” Gaillard-Picher stressed that water should be a priority in NDCs. Moulay Driss Hasnaoui, Morocco, underscored the importance of water security in countries “lagging behind” in the water, energy and agriculture sectors. Eva Promes, IWA, highlighted IWA’s Flood and Drought Portal, a technical tool which supports decision making at the regional and water basin levels.  Underscoring the multiple co-benefits of water investments, Alexander Linke, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), said that improving regulatory environments and knowledge management of water utilities will be key to implementing concrete projects.  Gareth Phillips, African Development Bank (AfDB), reminded participants that the long-term challenge in climate policy is to reach net zero emissions, and stressed the need to “systematically drive down” emission intensity across sectors. Noting that there is currently no financial reward for the private sector to invest in adaptation, he highlighted a proposed adaptation benefit mechanism as a potential solution.  Merylyn Hedger, Overseas Development Institute (ODI), underscored the centrality of water to the climate agenda. She called for a “scaling up” of adaptation and mitigation efforts using a “programmatic” rather than a project-based approach.  Noting that water insecurity is estimated to cost the world economy 45% of global GDP by 2050, Nicolas Delaunay, GWP, underscored that water security is key for adaptation planning and building the climate resilience of communities and ecosystems. He highlighted GWP’s Global Water, Climate and Development programme, which supports implementation of climate change commitments in 16 developing countries.   During the ensuing discussion, participants addressed, inter alia: limitations to mitigation opportunities in Africa; sectoral policy approaches to address water challenges in climate policy; methodologies for calculating emission intensity for different services in the economy; and technologies that both generate electricity and are “water-wise.” In closing, Jean-Luc Redaud, French Water Partnership, echoed the importance of water as a priority action in NDCs and called for a continued strengthening of water governance. L-R: Danielle Gaillard-Picher, Director, WWC; Gareth Phillips, AfDB; Merylyn Hedger ODI; and Alexander Linke, GIZ Alexander Linke, GIZ, noted the importance of working with water utilities at the local level. Gareth Philips, AfDB, said the Bank can play a role in creating enabling environments for adaptation and mitigation projects. Moulay Driss Hasnaoui, Morocco, emphasized the importance of securing funding to support water security. Nicolas Delaunay, GWP, said that "within the next generation" more than 70% of the world’s population will live in vulnerable coastal and flood-prone areas. Eva Promes, IWA, highlighted IWA projects in Mexico, Thailand, Peru and Jordan. Merylyn Hedger, ODI, pointed to a “massive gap” between financing interests and bankable projects available for funding. Contact: Danielle Gaillard-Picher | d.gaillard@worldwatercouncil.org Susanne Skyllerstedt | Susanne.skyllerstedt@gmail.com Eva Promes | eva.promes@iwahq.org More Information: http://www.climateiswater.org/

On Friday, 18 November, the UN Climate Change Conference continued in Marrakech, Morocco, for its last scheduled day. In the afternoon, informal consultations on preparations for the entry into force of the Paris Agreement and the first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA 1) were held under the Presidency of the 22nd session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 22) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and CMA 1. In the evening, the COP and Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP) closing plenaries convened to resolve most remaining agenda items, before suspending. UPDATE: 10:03pm: COP and CMA draft decision text has been distributed in the room. 10:52pm: The CMA closing plenary opens. 11:58pm: CMA 1 adopts the decision on matters relating to the implementation of the Paris Agreement. CMA suspended at 11:53pm. The COP resumes its closing plenary at 11:53pm. COP 22 adopts the decision on preparations for the entry into force of the Paris Agreement and CMA 1. 1:44am: Closing statements under the COP continue. 2:18am: CMA 1 suspends at 2:16am, and will reconvene in 2017. 2:20am: CMP 12 closes at 2:20am. 2:47am: COP 22 closed at 2:47am. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, is providing daily web coverage, daily reports and a summary and analysis report from the Marrakech Climate Change Conference - November 2016. Photos by IISD/ENB | Kiara Worth. For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions on our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage page. Informal Consultations throughout the Day CMA 1/COP 22 informal consultations under the Presidency on the preparations for the entry into force of the Paris Agreement and CMA 1 Security controls access into the informal consultations The COP Presidency consults Delegates confer informally in the final stages of negotiations COP and CMP Closing Plenaries Delegates gather outside of the Marrakech plenary hall for the closing plenaries Paweł Sałek, Secretary of State for the Environment, Poland Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji Delegates applaud the work done by the UNFCCC Global Climate Action Champions UNFCCC Global Climate Action Champions Laurence Tubiana, France, and Hakima El Haité, Morocco Paweł Sałek, Secretary of State for the Environment, Poland, Salaheddine Mezouar, COP 22/CMP 12 President, and Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji Richard Kinley, Deputy Executive Secretary, UNFCCC, and SBI Chair Tomasz Chruszczow, Poland CMA Closing Plenary Delegates read the draft text of the COP decision for the preparations for the entry into force of the Paris Agreement and CMA 1 Delegates huddle to discuss the text Salaheddine Mezouar, COP 22/CMP 12 President Adriana Murillo, Costa Rica, speaking on behalf of the Independent Association of Latin America and the Caribbean (AILAC) Diego Pacheco Balanza, Bolivia Hussein Alfa Nafo, Mali, speaking on behalf of the African Group Ravi Prasad, India Jonathan Pershing, US, speaking on behalf of the Umbrella Group Plenary sings happy birthday to Hussein Alfa Nafo, Mali UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa Delegates applaud the work of Richard Kinley, UNFCCC Deputy Executive Secretary, June Budhooram, UNFCCC Secretariat, and Dan Bondi Ogolla, UNFCCC Secretariat, for their long-standing contributions to international climate negotiations UNFCCC Family Photo Hundreds of delegates gather for the largest ever UNFCCC family photo Around the Venue Delegates arrive at the venue for the last day of the conference Media reports occur throughout the day Delegates from Sudan and South Sudan Merlyn Van Voore, Special Advisor on Climate Change to the Executive Director of UN Environment (UNEP) Delegates from Norway Delegates from Sweden The COP Presidency consults informally Artist Nordine Znati, Morocco Marilyn Averill, RINGOs UNFCCC Global Climate Action Champion Hakima El Haité, Morocco Bedouin tents around the venue The Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB) team covering the negotiations: Beate Antonich; Jennifer Allan; Sandra Gagnon; Virginia Wiseman; Anna Schulz; Mari Luomi; Cleo Verkuijl; and Kiara Worth

On Thursday, 17 November, the UN Climate Change Conference continued in Marrakech, Morocco. In the morning, the High-Level Event on Accelerating Climate Action took place. Contact groups on climate finance under the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) also convened. In the afternoon, informal consultations also took place under the COP Presidency on the first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA 1), and under the COP on entry into force of the Paris Agreement and the convening of CMA 1. In the evening, the first parts of the COP and COP serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP) closing plenaries took place. The joint high-level segment continued throughout the day. A webcast of the joint high-level segment is available at: http://unfccc.cloud.streamworld.de/webcast/joint-high-level-segment-7th-meeting-of-the-cop-an; and http://unfccc.cloud.streamworld.de/webcast/joint-high-level-segment-8th-meeting-of-the-cop-an. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, is providing daily web coverage, daily reports and a summary and analysis report from the Marrakech Climate Change Conference - November 2016. Photos by IISD/ENB | Kiara Worth. For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions on our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage page. High-Level Event on Accelerating Climate Action View of the panel during the High-Level Event on Accelerating Climate Action UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa Ségolène Royal, COP 21/CMP 11 President Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, Fiji Ronald Jumeau, Ambassador for Climate Change, Seychelles Nawal Al Hosany, Masdar and Zayed Future Energy Prize, UAE José Graziano da Silva, Director General, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) Loïc Fachon, Honorary President, World Water Council Panelists discuss the role of nature and nature-based solutions in adaptation and mitigation Manuel Pulgar-Vidal, Head of Climate and Energy, WWF Jeff Seabright, Chief Sustainability Officer, Unilever Moderator Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, Coordinator, Association for Indigenous Women and Peoples of Chad Edna Molewa, Minister of Environmental Affairs, South Africa Stéphane Le Foll, Minister of Agriculture, France UNFCCC Global Climate Action Champion Laurence Tubiana, France High-Level Segment View of the dais during the high-level segment  Ipul Powaseu, Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO), speaking on behalf of Women and Gender Ghazali Ohorella, speaking on behalf of Indigenous Peoples Gaston Meskens, University of Ghent, speaking on behalf of RINGOs Mohamed El Wafy, International Trade Union Confederation, speaking on behalf of TUNGOs Luizio Felipe Gomes Rocha, YOUNGO Contact Groups throughout the Day COP contact group on matters relating to finance: report of the Standing Committee on Finance (SCF) and review of the functions of the SCF COP contact group on matters relating to finance: report of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) to the COP and guidance to the GEF COP contact group on matters relating to finance: long-term climate finance COP and CMP Plenaries View of the dais during the COP plenary Salaheddine Mezouar, COP 22/CMP 12 President Aziz Mekouar, COP 22/CMP 12 Presidency Singer Ferdaouss performs to inspire people to join in the fight against climate change Delegates applaud the proposed Marrakech Action Proclamation for our Climate and Sustainable Development APA Co-Chairs Sarah Baashan, Saudi Arabia, and Jo Tyndall, New Zealand SBI Chair Tomasz Chruszczow, Poland SBSTA Chair Carlos Fuller, Belize Oleg Shamanov, Russian Federation Philip Weech, the Bahamas Civil Society Demonstrations Members of civil society advocate for the elimination of the use of fossil fuels Members of civil society advocate for more financial resources to address climate change Members of civil society demonstrate against the Dakota Access Pipeline in the US, advocating for the rights of indigenous peoples to be protected Members of civil society call for "big polluters" to be kicked out of the climate negotiations Members of civil society are "hungry" for climate action Around the Venue Flags at the entrance to the venue UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon UNFCCC Global Climate Action Champion Hakima El Haité, Morocco, speaks with the press Rachel Kyte, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General and CEO, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All) Inger Andersen, Director General, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Conference officers during a session Representatives from the interfaith community Katia Simeonova, UNFCCC Secretariat Delegates around the venue Solar trees at the venue APA Co-Chair Sarah Baashan, Saudi Arabia Shadow art in the Thailand Pavilion Traditional painting in the Turkish Pavilion

On Thursday, the Bonn Climate Change Conference concluded. The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) held closing plenaries in the morning and evening. A special joint plenary was held to thank UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres for her service, with all present congratulating her, including in song, for her leadership culminating in the Paris Agreement. In response, UNFCCC Executive Secretary Figueres thanked everyone, saying that she has “had the enormous privilege to be at your side as you made history.” In the afternoon and evening, the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) and the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) held their closing plenaries. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, has providing daily web coverage, daily reports from the Bonn Climate Change Conference - May 2016. In adiition, IISD Reportaing Services has also published a summary and analysis report from this meeting, which is available in HTML and PDF format. Photos by IISD/ENB | Kiara Worth For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page SBSTA Closing Plenary View of the dais during the SBSTA closing plenary SBSTA Chair Carlos Fuller, Belize Wanna Tanunchaiwatana, SBSTA Coordinator Manasvi Srisodapol, Thailand, speaking on behalf of the G-77/China Aishath Aileen Niyaz, Maldives, speaking on behalf of the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) Norbert Bärlocher, Switzerland, speaking on behalf of the Environmental Integrity Group (EIG) Michel Rentenaar, EU Andrea Faulkner, Australia, speaking on behalf of the Umbrella Group Eddy Pérez, Climate Action Network (CAN) Shalia Shahid, Women and Gender Victor Kabengele wa Kadilu, Democratic Republic of the Congo APA Consultations Delegates during the APA consultations APA Co-Chair Sarah Baashan, Saudi Arabia Zhihua Chen, China Delegates read the revised APA draft conclusions Members of the Secretariat distribute the text Joint Meeting of the SBI, SBSTA and APA: Farewell to Christiana Figueres View of the dais during the joint meeting UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres Incoming UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa Laurence Tubiana, COP 21/CMP 11 Presidency Aziz Mekouar, Incoming COP 22/CMP 12 Presidency Members of civil society sing 'Climate Queen,' a farewell song dedicated to UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres APA Co-Chair Jo Tyndall, New Zealand, SBI Chair Tomasz Chruszczow, Poland, and Incoming UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa bid farewell Delegates give UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres a standing ovation in recognition of her important contribution to tackling climate change over the years SBI Closing Plenary View of the dais during the SBI closing plenary Madeleine Diouf Sarr, Senegal SBI Chair Tomasz Chruszczow, Poland Elena Kruspkaia Mejía Villacís, Ecuador Mohamed Khalil, Egypt Erwin Rose, US Ilka Wagner, EU Chebet Maikut, Uganda, speaking on behalf of the African Group Emil Eduardo Calles Lossada, Venezuela Delegates huddle during the final negotiations APA Closing Plenary View of the dais during the APA closing plenary APA Co-Chair Jo Tyndall, New Zealand Bouzekri Razi, COP 22/CMP 12 Presidency Anna Serzysko, APA Rapporteur Alejandro Rivera, Mexico, speaking on behalf of the EIG Frances Veronica Victorio, the Philippines Olfa Jelassi, Women and Gender Marilyn Averill, Research and Independent NGOs (RINGOs) Jaime Hermida Castillo, Nicaragua, speaking on behalf of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA) Johnson Hugo Cerda Shiguango, Indigenous Peoples Héloïse Pichot, Youth NGOs (YOUNGOs) Around the Venue Incoming UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa with UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres Delegates from Germany Delegates from Ghana Delegates from Thailand and Singapore speak informally Delegates in plenary Incoming UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa sits with members of the UNFCCC Secretariat Headsets available for delegates Marcela Main Sancha, UNFCCC Secretariat, speaks with delegates Wael Hmaidan, CAN, with UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres Observers watch proceedings from the balcony Members of the Arab Group meet informally World Conference Center Bonn security staff UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres enters the venue for her final session with the UNFCCC UNFCCC Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa thanks delegates for welcoming her into the UNFCCC process Delegates use a 'poken' to gather materials during the paperless conference An information booth for COP 22/CMP 12 in Marrakech International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB) team covering the meeting (L-R): Kiara Worth; Beate Antonich; Virginia Wiseman; Jen Allan; Mari Luomi; Alice Bisiaux; Rishikesh Ram Bhandary; and Nancy Williams

The Bonn Climate Change Conference continued on Tuesday morning with the opening of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) and a Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) informal consultation. In the afternoon, several contact groups and informal consultations under the SBSTA and Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) convened. The SBI and SBSTA plenaries resumed to hear opening statements and consider outstanding agenda items. A SBSTA workshop on types of revegetation activities potentially eligible as Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project activities also took place in the afternoon. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, has providing daily web coverage, daily reports from the Bonn Climate Change Conference - May 2016. In adiition, IISD Reportaing Services has also published a summary and analysis report from this meeting, which is available in HTML and PDF format. Photos by IISD/ENB | Kiara Worth For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page APA Opening Plenary Richard Kinley, UNFCCC Deputy Executive Secretary, UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres, and Laurence Tubiana, COP 21/CMP 11 Presidency, applaud the election of the new APA Co-Chairs APA Co-Chair Sarah Baashan, Saudi Arabia APA Co-Chair Jo Tyndall, New Zealand Laurence Tubiana, COP 21/ CMP 11 Presidency Zamba Batjargal, Mongolia María Laura Rojas Vallejo, Colombia, speaking on behalf of the Independent Alliance of Latin America and the Carribean (AILAC) Manasvi Srisodapol, Thailand, speaking on behalf of the G-77/China Ivo de Zwaan, EU Patrick Suckling, Australia, speaking on behalf of the Umbrella Group Rosilena Lindo, Panama, speaking on behalf of the Coalition for Rainforest Nations (CfRN) Hussein Alfa Nafo, Mali, speaking on behalf of the African Group Franz Perrez, Switzerland, speaking on behalf of the Environmental Integrity Group (EIG) Isabel Teresa Di Carlo Quero, Venezuela, speaking on behalf of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA) Olga Vavilonskaya, Belarus Tunga Bhadra Rai, Indigenous Peoples Norine Kennedy, Business and Industry NGOs (BINGOs) Anabella Rosemberg, Trade Union NGOs (TUNGOs) SBI Plenary View of the dais during the SBI plenary UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres SBI Chair Tomasz Chruszczow, Poland Lydie-Line Paroz, Youth NGOs (YOUNGOs) Inga Fritzen Buan, Climate Action Network (CAN) Franziska Loibl, Women and Gender SBI Vice-Chair Zhihua Chen, China Tosi Mpanu-Mpanu, Democratic Republic of the Congo SBSTA Plenary View of the dais during the SBSTA plenary SBSTA Chair Carlos Fuller, Belize Alejandro Rivera, Mexico Marilyn Averill, Research and Independent NGOs (RINGOs) Katherine Sawyer, Climate Justice Now! (CJN!) Contact Groups SBSTA/SBI joint contact group on the scope of the next periodic review of the long-term global goal under the Convention, and of overall progress towards achieving it SBI contact group on arrangements for intergovernmental meetings SBI/SBSTA joint contact group on impact of the implementation of response measures: improved forum and work programme SBSTA In-Session Workshop Panel speakers for a SBSTA in-session workshop to identify the types of revegetation activities potentially eligible as project activities under the CDM Co-Chair Maya Hunt, New Zealand Co-Chair José Antonio Prado, Chile Ivan Dario Valencia, Colombia Belinda Margono, Indonesia Around the Venue Delegates gather in the foyer before the start of plenary Delegates meet informally El Hadji Mbaye Diagne and Mamadou Diobe Gueye, Senegal Delegates from Norway Translation headsets Delegates between sessions A delegate looks at a photography exhibition about COP 21/CMP 11 Heinz Sturm, International Clean Energy Partnership Foundation, test drives a 'zero emissions' car on display at the venue