There is a certain rhythm to multilateral negotiations. Countries begin by outlining their general expectations as to what should be achieved on a given issue. This forms the basis for the production of draft text, which countries then comment on, highlighting which elements they agree with, which they want to see removed, and what concrete textual changes they want to see reflected in the draft’s next iteration.
Want to dig deeper into today's talks? Read the full Earth Negotiations Bulletin daily report.
This process is not necessarily straightforward, so the negotiations on the various agenda items typically progress at different speeds, as the 2026 June Climate Meetings again showcased. Parties working on the mitigation work programme have yet to give their Co-Facilitators the mandate to prepare an informal note. Those focused on cooperative, market-based approaches to implementing the Paris Agreement (Article 6.2) are at the revision stage. The Alliance of Small Island States sent the Co-Facilitators working on research and systematic observation back to the drawing board, as they considered the draft text not to be an acceptable basis for discussion.
At this point, it is difficult to predict what course the different negotiation streams will take during the remaining days of the 2026 June Climate Meetings. Sometimes, countries may purposefully slow down progress on an issue they do not care much about so that their pet issues can “catch up.” At times, negotiators also make trade-offs between agenda items, bargaining for what they want on one issue in return for giving up something on another.
Some delegates were talking about trade of another kind in an all-day event on the trade-climate nexus. Long considered off limits within the climate process, this was the first in a series of dialogues running until 2028.
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All ENB photos are free to use with attribution. For SB64 please use: Photo by IISD/ENB - Kiara Worth
COP 30 Presidency's Open Dialogue with NGO Constituencies
Delegates gather for the COP 30 Presidency's open dialogue with NGO constituencies to discuss transparency of participation and integrity within the UNFCCC process